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''Einsatzgruppen'' (German for "task forces", ''"deployment groups"''; singular ''Einsatzgruppe''; official full name ''Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD'') were ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting, during World War II. The ''Einsatzgruppen'' had a leading role in the implementation of the Final Solution of the Jewish question (''Die Endlösung der Judenfrage'') in territories conquered by Nazi Germany. Under the direction of ''Reichsführer-SS'' Heinrich Himmler and the supervision of SS-''Obergruppenführer'' Reinhard Heydrich, the ''Einsatzgruppen'' operated in territories occupied by the German armed forces following the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and Operation Barbarossa (the invasion of the Soviet Union) in June 1941. Historian Raul Hilberg estimates that between 1941 and 1945 the ''Einsatzgruppen'' and related auxiliary troops killed more than two million people, including 1.3 million Jews. The total number of Jews murdered during the Holocaust is estimated at 5.5 to six million people. After the close of the World War II, 24 senior leaders of the ''Einsatzgruppen'' were prosecuted in the Einsatzgruppen Trial in 1947–48, charged with crimes against humanity and war crimes. Fourteen death sentences and two life sentences were among the judgments. Four additional ''Einsatzgruppe'' leaders were later tried and executed by other nations. == Invasion of Poland == Seven ''Einsatzgruppen'' of battalion strength operated in Poland. Each was subdivided into four ''Einsatzkommandos'' of company strength. * ''Einsatzgruppe'' I, commanded by SS-''Standartenführer'' Bruno Streckenbach, acted with 14th Army * ''Einsatzgruppe'' II, SS-''Obersturmbannführer'' Emanuel Schäfer, acted with 10th Army * ''Einsatzgruppe'' III, SS-''Obersturmbannführer und Regierungsrat'' Dr. Herbert Fischer, acted with 8th Army * ''Einsatzgruppe'' IV, SS-''Brigadeführer'' Lothar Beutel, acted with 4th Army * ''Einsatzgruppe'' V, SS-''Standartenfürer'' Ernst Damzog, acted with 3rd Army * ''Einsatzgruppe'' VI, SS-''Oberführer'' Erich Naumann, acted in Wielkopolska * ''Einsatzgruppe'' VII, SS-''Obergruppenführer'' Udo von Woyrsch and SS-''Gruppenführer'' Otto Rasch, acted in Upper Silesia and Cieszyn Silesia 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Einsatzgruppen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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